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Does somebody fulfill the Mitzvah of Chinuch if they get a rabbi or day school at a synagogue to teach their children Jewish ritual/halacha? Or is it necessary for them to teach children themselves without outside help

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Hi, I was speaking with a Muslim recently and as expected he said the Torah as the Jews have it is corrupted and they have the real version. But he did point out a discrepancy that I wasn’t expecting. In Kings II 8:26 it says that King Ahazia took the throne at 22 years old. But in Chronicles II 22:2 it says that King Ahazia took the throne at 42 years old. My first thought was that Chronicles has some sort of inferior status in the cannon regarding authority of content. But I’m not sure. In any case, how do we reconcile this weird contradiction?

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Hello, I am a gentile with question about Shabbat. Thank you for your time and emotional energy A friend of mine, whom is a Christian, uses the term Shabbat to describe his Christian prayer group, that gathers on Sunday night. They read the Old Testament and talk about g-d and rest. They gather and spend time as friends. I argued with him that using this phrase and this practice is inappropriate. In my understanding, Judaism is a closed practice and there are certain elements that should not be performed or used by non-Jews. It morphed into a pretty big argument between us with his point being that Jews cannot “own” the concept of rest and Shabbat. I want to be sure I am not incorrect. I do not want to be sharing false information. I have googled extensively and I am seeing so many Christians talking about Shabbat or Sabbath. I don’t remember this being a thing when I was growing up Christian. Thank you for your time.

Question
Women are not obligated In wearing teffilin, however, many (especially Ashkenazi) communities allow them to voluntarily observe it for a mitzvah (to my understanding with a Berachah). If a woman is of this custom, do the laws of Chatzitzah apply to her as they do for a man (who is generally obligated in teffilin)

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Hey rabbis, I know somebody who was born non Jewish but converted under the auspices of a conservative rabbi and thinks he’s Jewish. For context He calls himself “non binary” (as in not a man or woman for gender) and is dating a man. He says that he’s Jewish because most Jews in America are not orthodox. How should I explain to him and other reform/conservative people why orthodoxy is a better form of Judaism to conservative/reform